Failure Analysis Strategy Change Essay

Movies have always been a past time enjoyed by many. As the technology continues to grow, many video stores are going out of business and digital or online movies are rising in popularity. Blockbuster Video and Netflix are businesses that have been affected by these changes. Blockbuster opened in 1985 with the mission statement of â€Å"Our corporate mission is to provide our customers with the most convenient access to media entertainment, including movie and game entertainment delivered through multiple distribution channels such as our stores, by mail, vending and kiosks, online and at home. We believe Blockbuster offers customers a value-prices entertainment experience, combining the broad product depth of a specialty retailer with local neighborhood convenience† (Farfan, 2010). Blockbuster continued with the vision statement of â€Å"At Blockbuster, diversity means valuing differences. It’s corporate value that must be continually developed, embraced, and incorporated into the way we do business† (Farfan, 2010). Blockbuster operated with more than 7,400 stores worldwide and also operated through 1,600 franchise stores. As technology started to change, customers began streaming movies from the Internet as well as using kiosks, such as Redbox, for movie rentals. Competition became a large factor in Blockbuster and the failing of the company, but a large part of the failure was due to manage changes and misunderstanding of the business as a whole (Dunston, 2014). Blockbuster Failure In 2006 and 2007, Blockbuster was approached by the CEO of Netflix, Reed Hastings, asking them to acquire Netflix. Hastings knew that Netflix had not formulated a plan to stop Blockbuster from stealing their customers, at the rate of a million per year. Blockbuster decided that the company did not  need Netflix because Blockbuster had a stronger and larger growth, but then a change that was never expected happened. A new CEO was named for Blockbuster after a boardroom dispute. The man appointed CEO didn’t fully understand the business and what Blockbuster needed in order to remain above the competition, especially Netflix. The CEO started changing plans for the company and even pulled out the Internet efforts that had been in place for Blockbuster. Within 18 months, 85% of the capital value of the company had been lost; within in 2 years, it was completely gone (Dunston, 2014). Netflix Netflix views themselves as â€Å"freedom of on-demand and the fun of indulgent viewing† (Netflix, 2014). Netflix also focuses on the convenience of the no-hassle, online cancellation and offer movies and TV series network. Technology and good leadership is how Netflix became the leader in the industry (Halal, 2010). Netflix executives understood that the emerging technology was rapidly changing the delivery of movie rentals. CEO, Hastings, developed â€Å"strategies involving Internet streaming, convenient customer service, and the virtual organization to deliver it cheaply and flawlessly† (Halal, 2010). Another part of Netflix’s technology strategy was to avoid the burden of having to go to a video store for customers. Customer service is key to a successful business, so Hastings used a monthly subscription to allow customers to have access to unlimited rentals, including no late fees. Instead of the hassle of renting movies, the focus is providing convenience. With the mission statement and vision of â€Å" Our core strategy is to grow our streaming subscription business domestically and globally. We are continually improving the customer experience, with a focus on expanding our streaming content, enhancing our user interface and extending our streaming service to even more Internet-connected devices, while staying within the parameters of our consolidated net income and operating segment contribution profit targets,† shows that the company wants the best for the company as well as their customers (Netflix, 2014). NetFlix Organizational Theories In reading many articles online about the success of NETFLIX the two organizational behavior theories that have been seen in this company have been decision-making and system approaches. Netflix’s huge decision to become a virtual DVD rental via online instead of going to actual in-store purchases like Blockbuster, has placed them at the top of the food chain. The technological advances alone for Netflix has change the industry forever, they took the systems approach by understanding the company’s input and output process and integrated the drive in developing new adaptive capacities and innovation. Blockbuster’s organization theory of scientific leadership placed a great deal into how the company ran it’s in store business and how the objectives and decisions were placed within the company. If Blockbuster could focus more on the click feature like how Netflix did, and not dismiss the idea that it would be a revolutionary change in the industry and within Blockbusters stockholders. Roles of Leadership and Management Per Netflix (2014) it has a â€Å"functional organizational structure, which aims at its functions themselves, rather than by customer segments or regions†. They have a CEO; Reed Hastings has 6 departments that have managers within them that run it. The organization beyond those 6 managers is not as structured as the top echelon is, they run their departments as they see fit. The CEO has instilled in their managers the management style of â€Å"Context, not Control† (Siegler), implying that very little control is given to employees, rather employees are held responsible for their actions and are expected to work efficiently and independently. Because of this idealists approach to management and how successful the company has been with it, they have found that they have no need to change their management style yet. Organizational value within Netflix has been on promoting the â€Å"stunning colleagues† (Netflix.com, 2014), and their importance in a great workplace. They have 9 values that they show is priority number 1 at Netflix, â€Å" judgment, impact, curiosity, innovation, courage, passion, honesty and selflessness (Siegler). The basic values that they believe as a company are workplace efficiency, emphasis on effective over effort, management best practices, retention practices, and large emphasis on a large salary, rather than stock options and bonuses. They believe that this  creates an environment that promotes productivity, and efficient work environment, which shows in colleague retention and overall happiness at Netflix. Part 2: Leading Organizational Change As the CEO of Blockbuster it is my responsibility to evaluate the organizations structure as well as the power and political issues within the company. The CEO can be disconnected to what is going on at the operations level of the company if he or she does not put forth the effort to be involved. As the CEO I will be involved in the operations of the company and be a leader employees can look up to. To implement the organizations change I will use a strategy based on John Kotter’s 8 step plan for change. John Kotter’s 8 steps are â€Å"establishing a sense of urgency, forming a powerful guiding coalition, creating a vision, communicating the vision, empowering others to act on the vision, planning for and creating short-term wins, consolidating improvements and producing still more changes, institutionalizing new approaches†(Mintzberg, Lampel, Quinn 2003). As the CEO of blockbuster I see that technology is changing and we must keep up. If we do not keep up with the technological advances we are doomed to fail. I see the company as a technology company and not just a movie rental company. I do not want Blockbuster to just survive, I want Blockbuster to thrive. Blockbuster will start investing in new internet technologies and streaming services. We will align ourselves with major motion picture studios to ensure that we get the newest movies and offer our customers the best services possible. Upper management will actively seek new opportunities and new world markets to expand our services. All employees will be encouraged to provide new ideas and mediocrity will not be accepted. Every aspect of the company will be evaluated and our services will provide our customers with the greatest movie streaming value. Reference Dunston, Dain (2014). When Blockbuster Forgot What Business They Were In. Retrieved from www.daindunston.com Farfan, Barbara (2010). Company Mission Statements – Complete List of World’s Largest Retail Missions. Retrieved from www.retailindustry.about.com Halal, Bill (2010). How Netflix Beat Blockbuster: An Exemplar of Emerging Technologies. Retrieved from www.billhalal.com Mintzberg, H., Lampel, J., & Quinn, J. B. (2003). The Strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts, Cases (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Netflix Long Term View (2014). Retrieved from http://ir.netflix.com Netflix Capstone and Final Report (2014). Retrieved on January 7, 2014. http://mgmtclarity.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/capstone_final_report.pdf

Virgil’s Aeneas and Dido Essay

Love Stories Introduction Virgil’s Aeneas and Dido   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This romantic story has been in existence for decades. It is therefore evident that it is one of the most narrated romantic stories. It is a love story between Dido and Aeneas, a Trojan soldier (Virgil 21). After the shipwreck, Aeneas and his troop had no option but to seek refuge in Carthage, which was ruled by Dido. When Dido spots Aeneas, she immediately falls in love with him, hence, allows his troops to stay in Carthage. Although Dido admires Aeneas, she does not want to fall in love with him. This is because she wishes to remain loyal to her dead husband (Virgil 12). Her sister however convinces her into falling in love with Aeneas. According to Anna, Dido’s sister, falling in love with Aeneas will be beneficial to Carthage since it will become mightier than before (Virgil 51). Although Dido developed the perception that she and Aeneas were married, this was not the case for Aeneas. This is because after a short period of stay in Carthage, Aeneas decided to leave for Italy. Dido tried to prevent him from leaving but this did not bear any fruits since Aeneas was acting in response to the gods that had visited him at night. When Aeneas finally left Carthage, Dido was left in tears to the extent that she opted to end her life. Strengths and Weakness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This story can be equated as one of the best stories ever written. This is because it has a number of strengths in it. For instance, Dido portrays real love to her dead husband. According to Virgil (12), Dido had sworn never to fall in love again after the death of her husband. This is enough proof that she was quite loyal. The other aspect of real love that comes out in this story is the manner in which Dido falls for Aeneas. It is because of her love towards Aeneas that makes Dido allow the Trojan soldiers to stay in Carthage. Dido’s love for Aeneas was strong to the extent that she did not want her to leave cartage. It was because of the passion she had for Aeneas that made her decide to end her life the day she realized that Aeneas had left her for Italy. Although this story has a number of strengths, it also has several weaknesses as well. For instance, although Dido was in love with Aeneas, this was not the case for Aeneas. Th is is because Aeneas did not seem interested in Dido. This brings out the fact that Aeneas took advantage of Dido’s and was never in love with her. Apuleius’ Cupid and Psyche   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The story is about a romantic relationship that blossomed between Psyche and Cupid, the son of Venus, who was the goddess of love.According to the story, Psyche was quite beautiful to the extent that Venus, the goddess of love, developed hatred for her (Apuleius 39). He asked her son, cupid, to go and stab her. However, cupid was stunned by Psyche’s beauty to the extent that he stabbed himself instead. Cupid immediately falls in love with Psyche and gradually a relationship blossoms between the two. The most interesting thing about this love is that psyche was not allowed to see the man she was in love with. Out of curiosity, Psyche decides to see who his suitor was. When Cupid was fast asleep, Psyche uses the lamp to know the identity of her lover (Apuleius 26). She is surprised to learn that it was Cupid. Cupid is not happy with psyche; hence, he abandons her and goes back to Venus. Psyche is not ready to let her lover go, hence, she goes to Venus and requests to be allowed to see Cupid (Apuleius 39). Venus is not comfortable seeing Cupid with Psyche, hence, she assigns her difficult tasks in a move to get rid of her. To Venus’ surprise, Psyche accomplishes all these tasks. Cupid finally comes to her rescue and transforms her into a goddess; this implied that she was immortal. Strength and Weakness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unlike the previous story, this one tends to have more strength; hence, it stands a chance becoming the best love story ever written. This is because the story brings out the extent that one can go in the name of seeking love. For instance, although Cupid and Psyche were from two different worlds, they were able to finally marry each other and live happily. Similarly, the power of love is seen when Psyche decides to go search for Cupid (Apuleius 39). Although Psyche was aware that Cupid’s mother was never pleased with her, she still went to Venus to Inquire about Cupid’s whereabouts. Psyche’s love for Cupid is also seen when she accomplishes all the difficult tasks she was given by Venus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The only weakness about this story is the fact that there are a number of unrealistic aspects in it. For instance, it is quite unrealistic for Cupid, a god, to marry Psyche who was a human being. Additionally, the fact that Psyche was finally transformed into a goddess also brings out the unrealistic aspect of this story. Human beings are mortal; hence, it is not possible for them to be transformed into gods and goddesses, which implies that they cannot become immortal. Dante’s Paolo and Francesca   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is a story about Francesca, the daughter to the lord of Ravenna, and Gianciotto, the son to the lord of Rimini. These two cities had continuously been engaged in war. In order to end the continuous conflicts, an agreement be made. The two lords agreed to marry off their children in a move to have a lasting solution to the warfare (Singleton). Since Gianciotto was disabled and ugly, he did not attend the wedding ceremony. Paolo was the youngest brother to Gianciotto. He was picked to represent Gianciotto since he was handsome and good-looking and it was obvious that Francesca would fall in love with him. The plan proceeded well since Francesca did not know the truth until the following morning when she woke up besides Gianciotto (Singleton). Although she is angry, nothing could be done about it since she was already a married woman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, since Francesca had fallen in love with Paolo, a secret relationship blossomed between the two (Singleton). After several years, the secret finally came to light when Gianciotto walked on them while they were behind closed door. This discovery angered Gianciotto to the extent that he decided to kill Paolo. However, when he swung the rapier, Francesca rushed between them and the rapier ended up cutting through Francesca’s bosom before finally slitting through Paolo, hence, killing both of them on the spot (Singleton). Strength and Weakness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although it has a tragic end, it is also one of the best-drafted love stories since there are a number of lessons worth learning from it. Compared to other love stories, this one tends to have more weaknesses than strengths. In the case of strength, through marriage, there was peace between Ravenna and Rimini. This implies that love can cause harmony to dominate in a region that that marred by wrangles.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The story tends to have more weaknesses compared to strengths. The story is marred with a lot of deception. For instance, during the wedding ceremony, Paolo impersonates Gianciotto since he is more handsome. This implied that not only did they lie to Francesca but also her father who was also the lord of Ravenna. It was because of this deception that the marriage between Francesca and Gianciottowas unstable. For instance, since Francesca had fallen in love with Paolo, this relationship still went on even after the wedding. This implied that Paolo was having an affair with Francesca, who was Gianciotto’s wife. It was because of these deceptions that finally resulted to the tragic death of the two couples. Analysis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although the three stories are romantic, Apuleius’ Cupid and Psyche is the most romantic love story. This is because unlike the rest that end tragically, it is only Apuleius’ Cupid and Psyche that ends positively. Similarly, it is also the best love story since it has more strengths than weaknesses. In Apuleius’ Cupid and Psyche, Psyche portrays real love since she was willing to go to her extreme in search for her lover. References Apuleius, Joel. The Tale of Cupid and Psyche. Indianna: Hackett Publishing, 2009. Print. Singleton, Charles. â€Å"Romance Stories: Paolo& Francesca as told by Dante.† Wisdom Portal. 1977. Web. 31 October 2014. Virgil &Maclennan, Keith. Virgil: Aeneid Iv. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013. Print. Source document

Slavery through Kara Walker Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Slavery through Kara Walker - Research Paper Example She is well known for her graphic use of silhouette figures to depict mirages American African slaves. A close look at her work reveals vividly the impact of slavery especially through eliminating depth in all visual perspectives of the art work. She further emphasizes the depth of the images through use of the overlapping techniques on the silhouettes hence creating scenes on the several aspects through which slaves were exploited. For instance, the images portray the slaves used as sexual objects. This essay uses the three of her works that is â€Å"Slavery! Slavery,† â€Å"Gone† and â€Å"The End of Uncle Tom† to explore slavery in the United States with emphasis on South America. In the 1830’s, slavery was concentrated in the south of the United States of America concentrated in small farms and large organizations, cities and towns and any other place extra man power was necessary. The slaves were property to their owner and all blacks were slaves as primarily, the slaves in the south of America performed tasks mostly in the plantations and homesteads of their masters. They took part in clearing new lands, digging ditches and other household chores for their masters; the black women cared for the young ones and prepared meals and other functions like spinning, sewing and weaving. As outlined in Blassingame (25), slavery in the antebellum period in the South America was focused on the plantation farms, and the homestead within the firms; this was primarily the period before the First World War. Carson (164) notes that the labor market was divided between blacks and whites in the community. The probability of both skilled and unskilled laborers was evident and comparable by race. The whites had higher chances in white color jobs compared to the blacks whose major area of work was in the unskilled domains. Other than plantations labor, slavery also involved debauchery activities. This primarily comprised of the slaves being forced into immoral

Thorntons PLC Strategic Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Thorntons PLC Strategic Analysis - Assignment Example Thornton's PLC has 230,000 employees world-wide and operates 520 factories in 82 countries. Thornton's PLC fundamental social impact is to improved standards of living among millions of people through creation of productive, sustainable economic development. Thornton's PLC brands showed the strongest growth, currently posting sales close to 700 million liters in over 20 countries. Thornton's PLC leadership is concentrated in Europe (regions where economic risk is limited, incomes are high and growth prospects are robust) through the development of strong brands, the HOD business, and acquisitions that offer real opportunities for synergy. In 1999 Thornton's PLC operated from 509 factories worldwide, 424 are in special chocolates and toffee products. Special chocolates accounted for 28% of 1999 revenues; 26%; chocolate and confectionery, 54% are in toffee. With a net profit of 4.724 million, up 12.3 percent over last year, and with significant, broad-based improvement in all major performance indicators, Thorntons PLC looks back on a record year 1999. The net profit margin reached 6.3 percent (5.9 percent in 1998) on consolidated sales of 74 660 million (1998: 71 747 million). The trading profit of 7 914 million increased by 11.8 percent, a margin of 10.6 percent of sales (9.9 percent in 1998). EBITA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Amortization) improved by 12.4 percent to 8 298 million (1998: 7 382 million). These substantial improvements reflect a series of measures taken over the past years, touching virtually all activities (Mitchell, 2002). Streamlining the business portfolio, increasing operational efficiency, industrial restructuring and progress in purchasing and supply chain management enabled the Group to achieve higher profits, margins and return on invested capital. Thornton's PLC also made the necessary investments to ensure future top-line growth by investing in new products and strengthening its brands and market shares. During the first half of 2000, Thorntons PLC achieved a significant increase in both sales and profit margins. Table shows that consolidated sales grew by 9.9 percent to 38.8 billion, with real internal growth accelerating to 4.5 percent, compared to 2.1 percent in the same period of 1999. Trading profit amounted to 4296 million. This represents 11.1 percent of sales against 9.8 percent for the 1st half of 1999. Net profit increased to 2798 million or CHF 72.7 per share, resulting in a net profit margin of 7.2 percent (5.9 percent in the first half of 1999). The strong sales performance reflects the Group's emphasis on internal growth. The margin improvements result from progress achieved in enhancing operational efficiency, the streamlining of the Group's product portfolio, industrial restructuring and some lower raw material prices which were able to offset higher packaging costs. Internal Growth and Currencies Push Up Sales Consolidated sales, at 38.8 billion, were up 9.9 percent. At comparable structure (excluding acquisitions and divestitures) and at constant exchange rates, sales rose by 4.9 percent (see table 1). Table 1. Thornton's PLC Figures for 1999-2002 Thornton's PLC Annual Report 2002 2001 2000(e) 1999(f) In millions of CHF (except for per share data) Consolidated sales 89 160 84 698 81 422 74 660 71 747 EBITA 10 940 9 987 9 911 8 700 7 606 as % of

Population Growth in Earlymodern Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Population Growth in Earlymodern Europe - Essay Example "Migration to urban centres was a long-term trend over the century; it was also a short-term trend during periods of famine, and it resulted in a disproportionate growth in the numbers of the urban poor," Bonny (1991, p.273). Another obvious cause was the tight-knitted family of those days which gave enough security, care, medical included, and the right atmosphere for the children to survive. "Family was at the foundation of private life. In western Europe, the nuclear family was most common. In eastern Europe, the nuclear family was also prevalent, although extended households were more common than in the west. Kinship ties bound the family to other groups within rural communities" http://wps.ablongman.com/long_kishlansky_cw_6/0,10852,2350097-,00.html Even though here the discussion is between mortality rate and fertility, there were many other contributing factors to the population. Change in land-labour ratio and hence, in real wages and land rents, affected the economy and the population growth levels. Differences in marriage patterns, modernization of rural societies, loss of communal and private properties, alternation in the social hierarchies, empire building and travels to distant lands resulting in high economic development, scientific discoveries and advancement in medical science, were all such contributors to the population. Representative government, literacy, technology, development are all might not be major factors; still they contributed. It is important to know that population could work in two ways. "Population can function in two ways to explain social and economic change in early Modern Europe. First, changes in the land-labour ratio can explain changes in real... Early modern period is approximately from 1500 to 1750 that includes rise of colonies, agrarian revolution, industrial revolution, initiation of transportation, communications and mobility, and reformation. This was a period of transition and even the people who did not migrate, eventually did well.This was the time when there was a booming increase in the population of Europe. The increase was proportionately larger compared to the increase in the rest of the world and one particular cause of this sudden demographic expansion is difficult to pinpoint. According to Musgrave, countries like Italy, Spain and Southern France developed higher strata of political, economic and social existence, which eventually ensured a much higher standard of living, even better than that could have been offered by the industrial revolution. This development eventually established â€Å"Europe’s place in the world.† In spite of the disastrous Thirty Years' War, this period, comparatively e njoyed a better peace and the earlier crisis-ridden days were forgotten fast enough to give place to a period of growth, arts, creativity and intellectuality. "Although some areas took as much as a generation to recover pre-crisis levels, many managed to do so with surprising speed. Fertility rates have improved with better standard of living and relaxed way of life. It is necessary to conclude that there were many factors that led to an unprecedented population growth during this period.

The development of English for specific purposes (ESP) Essay

The development of English for specific purposes (ESP) - Essay Example in fact, Swales (1985) uses the development of EST to illustrate the development of ESP in general: ‘With one or two exceptions†¦English for Science and Technology has always set and continues to set the trend in theoretical discussion, in ways of analyzing language, and in the variety of actual teaching materials.’ The phase took place between 1960’s and 1970’s. The major proponents of this phase included Peter Strevens (Halliday, McIntosh and Strevens, 1964), Jack Ewer (Ewer and Latorre, 1969) and John Swales (1971). Operating on the basic principle that the English of, say, Electrical Engineering constituted a specific register different from that of, say, Biology or of General English, it is important to distinguish the grammatical and lexical features of these registers. Teaching materials have adopted these linguistic features in their syllabus, a good example being A Course in Basic Scientific English by Ewer and Latorre (1969) (see below p. 26). In fact, as Ewer and Latorre’s syllabus shows, register analysis revealed that there was little distinction in the sentence grammar of scientific English beyond the tendency to favor particular forms such as the present simple tense, the passive voice and nominal compounds. However, the syllabus did not reveal any forms found in General English. But we must be wary of making unfair criticism. Although there was an academic interest in the nature of English registers per se, the main motive behind register analyses, such as, Ewer and Latorre’s was the pedagogic one of making the ESP course more relevant to learners’ needs. The main purpose was to create a syllabus that would give priority to forms of language that students would use in their Science studies. Ewer and Hughes-Davies (1971), for example, compared the language of the texts their Science students had to read with the language of some widely used school

A journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A journal - Essay Example Initially I used to jot down a few points in the margin to make me remember things, but learning to create visual learning pegs by labeling notes along the margins, using contrasting colors and styles took my learning strategies to a different level. Other learning skills such as associating different patterns with physical objects, or filling in information from texts and handouts and constantly discussing the topic with colleagues had never occurred to me before and which made learning for me a tedious job. This new way of learning helps me not only to store matter well in my mind but also to recall the matter easily. I think condensing techniques are useful tools that facilitate memorization because when I think of the way I used to try and memorize things, makes me wonder why I never employed these techniques before; because now I find memorizing much easier. Another helpful tool I picked up, was fitting in new matter into the old concepts and reviewing them from time to time. I found this to be exceptionally useful because it helped me to revise a matter that I had deviously learned and it made memorization easier task. Note- taking was a familiar task that I made use during lectures, but the manner in which I used to handle it was a bit monotonous. I came to know that one of the primary goals of note-taking is the gathering of relevant information which could be used for after-class study and organization of ones thoughts. Learning the right technique helped me to jot down notes in a comprehensive manner, which in turn increased my speed and pace. I also learned to take full advantage of the optimal memory curve, by labeling in the margins, using a different color and style. Creating important charts involving visual, auditory and intellectual capacities, in addition to making use of headings, labeling, indenting and other details has gone a long way in helping me to memorize and recall as

Reference Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reference Paper - Essay Example Success stories are not created overnight and single-handedly and to say that most have been fashioned as a result of solitary efforts would be to make an assumption that has no basis in reality. The examples of this phenomenon abound in every walk of life. Movies and literature are teeming with success stories that talk of people and how the support that they received has played a great role in giving them the success that they have today. An excellent example of such a ‘person’ who achieved success as a result of the support that was given to him along his path to success is the character of â€Å"Babe† in the movie of the same name. Known as â€Å"Babe -the gallant pigâ€Å", this movie depicts the character of a pig who is raised on a farm owned by Farmer Hoggett, by a family of border collies and who aspires to be a sheep-dog one day. Babe is well liked by every animal on the farm as he is a friendly and polite animal, something which turns out to be the very secret behind his eventual success as a â€Å"sheep-dog†. The movie highlights the relationship that Babe has with most resident animals of the farm and how he is taught the value of politeness by â€Å"Maa†, the elderly ewe who also lives on the farm. The family of sheep dogs that raise Babe have a condescending attitude towards the other animals on the farm and they view most other animals as ‘stupid’. The ewe tells Babe that he too can become a sheep-dog and he can substitute his weaknesses by working on his strategy and ’asking’ the sheep to move, rather than to force them or to treat them roughly. As a result of this, babe, in spite of his small size and stature, is able to impress farmer Hogget with his abilities when he herds the chickens on the farm one day, separating the brown ones from the white. As a result of this, Farmer Hoggett decides to take Babe to the field the next day where he again impresses the farmer by his uncanny ability to guide and herd the sheep and in doing so, Babe

System Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

System Analysis - Essay Example The problem underlying here is that an online system is required for the company through which it can sell/rent its products as part of usual business. Apart from the usual business, TWE can also provide various offers which will bring customers to use its services. Therefore, an online system should be developed to cater to these needs. Once the basic requirements are accomplished, we can even work towards getting more out of the online system. The details of what all the system can do will be explained later in the text. Specify Preferences - people who wish to purchase will be given user account. They can then login through their account and can create their wish lists according to their desired preferences. Here, we will also enable the user to purchase or use rental services from TWE. Rental Services - an option will be given to the customers where they can rent any video or music item even without specifying a due date. This will enable the customers to enjoy the benefits for a longer period without being subjected to late fees. TWE first started in 1977 as a music sales store. Sales were steady and profit kept on increasing. Thus TWE soon became a chain of stores. In 1981, a new product was added - video games. Slowly TWE became a joint music and video store. Through the later 1980s, TWE had many outlets nationwide. Hence it was decided to take it international. Since then, TWE has grown tremendously in national as well as international market. The current status is that TWE now employs 2340 employees and has world revenues of 1.7 million as of January 2008. The sales of TWE has ever increased but currently we will focus on capturing the market online as well. An online system further increases the sales of any company as it is available to a wider audience. Feasibility Study With the introduction of the online process, we need to take care of the feasibility. Operational feasibility - in operations point of view, there seems to be no constraints as TWE has a fine team of IT professionals comprising of developers, designers, programmers, analysts etc. Technical feasibility - the website will need to be developed using HTML as front end, and Oracle database as the backend. For the middleware, we can use any of JSP, ASP, ASP.NET etc. it depends on the programmers and developers how they want to design their website. Economic feasibility - initially website needs to be registered with the suggested name of the site. Depending upon the availability, the suggested name can be used for the website. This registration would involve

SLP 4 When a company does not have a large IT department Essay

SLP 4 When a company does not have a large IT department - Essay Example Information System Planning and Selection for the company that is represented in this particular case study wholeheartedly claims that they have readily available functional specialists to assist customers that their services consist of, "information system (ERP) needs analysis, functional specifications, development of a Request For Proposal, evaluation of responses, vendor selection, and contract negotiations. For existing information systems, we will assess current performance and expectations against end-user needs, and develop short term and long term plans for improvement" (Education, 2008). With regard to higher education (which is their specialty), here are several projects that a prospective customer can choose from when it comes to Information System Planning and Selection. ... Judging from their list, they offer a lot more as far as services as our company does. Leveraging a powerful combination of the best industry-proven practices and leading standards, strategic vision, a vast spectrum of technical and technological competencies, Softerra offers its clients a comprehensive suite of IT services including Strategic Business Planning, Software Consulting, Software Design, Project Management Resources, Re-engineering, Software Upgrades and Website Enhancement, and Rapid Application Development, Custom Software Development, Custom Web Application and Development, Custom Database Design along with Development and Marketing, PDA Software Development, Custom Web Page Design and Original Artwork, and Information Technology Consulting. This is not an all-inclusive list, which is even more impressive (EduTech, 2008). The third directly competing company that was located was IBS. "IBS relevant IT consulting services to mid-size and Fortune 500 companies alike" (Softerra, 2008). Their main competencies include .NET and Java Development and Integration, Custom Development Solutions, Data Management Solutions, Information Worker Solutions, Advanced Infrastructure Solutions, Advanced Infrastructure Solutions, and more. A particularly intriguing company was Gatesix. They are known as a virtual consulting firm, serving the online community. According to their website: A smart company concentrates on its core business competency and leaves other tasks to those with specific expertise. Let the specialists at Gatesix save your company valuable timewith expert technology consulting. Our consulting staff will help smooth your

Physically Challenged Community in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Physically Challenged Community in the Workplace Essay A person is physically deemed physically challenged when he or she has a physical disability or impairment. This is especially true if such impairment is one that limits mobility of the person. Disability on the other hand is defined as a condition or function judged to be significantly impaired relative to the usual standard of an individual or their group. The term is often used to refer to physical impairment, sensory impairment, and intellectual impairment. Whatever physical disability one has, he or she has the same right to be treated as a normal human being. The United Nations has argued that persons with disabilities should have equal rights to education and employment. People with disabilities also have the right to own and inherit property; not be discriminated against at home or in the workplace. The 21st century workplace is a virtual jungle. Those who are physically challenged may, at first, find it difficult to cope with the extra stress of working despite their disabilities. In today’s fast-paced and hectic world, opportunities abound for those who have complete bodies and mind. However, if one is physically challenged, such as being a dwarf (too short), finding a job in this cutthroat world is a very slim possibility. If one has speech impairment, it would be difficult to land a job which main responsibility involves verbal communication. If one is to do machinist’s work, it is almost impossible to apply as a single-armed person. The point being that if one is physically challenged, finding a job that would suit your special needs requires great patience and endeavor. That is just in terms of applying for a job. How about keeping one’s job even one is physically challenged. That requires a lot of grit and determination. For one to survive such an ordeal is already a great accomplishment; and, we should congratulate such persons for their courage and bravery in withstanding the pressures of working in a hectic environment despite their disabilities. An individual who is physically challenged may find it almost impossible to survive alone in a workplace where everybody else is not. Thus, it is very much beneficial for such a physically challenged person to find a job in a workplace where there is a community full of physically challenged persons like him or her. This is because the feeling of belonging to a group gives one the motivation to succeed in every endeavor. It inspires even the most physically disabled to work very well in a company of his peers. In terms of communication, a community inside a workplace whose members all are physically challenged could even develop their own styles of communication that is specially suited to their needs. That makes them feel more confident and secure, and it has a sizable effect on their performance. There are many effective strategies adopted by people who are physically challenged to communicate with their peers. This often involves special non-verbal signals, especially in cases where there is speech impairment, or when mobility of such a person is restricted due to the loss of arms or legs. The advantage of such special communication tools is that it oftentimes enables the physically disabled workers to be more effective and efficient. A special bond of understanding develops between workers who share common disadvantages. This special bond, extends beyond misunderstanding. The only advantage that can be observed in this type of communication strategy between physically challenged persons is that other â€Å"normal† persons might think negatively of it, wrongly assuming that they are being stabbed in the back through this special type of â€Å"language† that only physically challenged persons can understand.

Censorship is a form of protection Essay Example for Free

Censorship is a form of protection Essay Censorship applies to magazines, videos, films, radio, music, computer games and television. Censorship is a form of protection, instead of stopping you from being robbed like the police force, censorship protects you and your families from pornographic, violent, bloody, rude, vulgar and racist programming. It regulates the broadcasting time of programmes with adult content after the 9oclock-water shed so viewers of a younger age such as small children hopefully will not see the programme. It stops the extreme programmes such as hard core porn violent films where the gore is to extreme. Thats what censorship does now imagine television without censorship you could be flicking through the channels and neighbours could be on one the weakest link on two and f**k fest on three a nice hardcore porn film for the little ones to watch when they get home from school. Without censorship anything would go any time, So lets have a look at whats on without censorship, the Teletubbies could have great big battles with each other or go hunting and shoot the rabbits and on an educational note they could demonstrate how to skin and gut the rabbits for the kids at home. Later on in the day the Weakest Link could become the nude Weakest Link where Anne Robinson could prance about in a PVC catsuite and give a good old SM style spanking to the person voted the Weakest link, and I dont think any body wants to Anne Robinson in the Buff? Later on now comes the news which could broadcast news on a what happened in Afghanistan before the war, they could have show live battles between the Taliban and the Northern Alliance where men get limbs blown off, mutated bodies of captured prisoners and worse not something you would really want to watch real people really dying over tea or any other time for that matter. At about 7:30 say a do it yourself programme presented by Carol Smiley where you dab your hand at DIY torture with expert guidance from Laurence Llewelyn Bowen who shows you how to keep your victim alive for as long as possible while giving the maximum amount of pain, although having a room designed by him would be torture enough. Now at 8:00 we have time for a nice wholesome hardcore porn film before the kids go to bed. People like Osama Bin Ladin could give speeches on television saying how he was going to destroy America the Jews Britain and everyone whose not Muslim. Although this is extreme it what could happen without censorship. Censorship upholds the moral fabric of society. It stops extreme programming being aired on British television. The question is do you want young children being able to view programmes which are unsuitable for them which would scare them give them nightmares having them cry at the sight of a mutilated human body on tv watching porn and asking their parents what does f**k mean and whats a ****. Young childrens minds are impressionable and we should do what we can to protect them from certain things until they are old enough to understand it to be able to sleep well without thinking some psychos at their window waiting to burst in with a chain saw and massacre them. Do you want to watch porn? Then watch Television X or by a porn film, which stops children from watching these types of programmes. Without censorship anything would go and it would be absolutely legal. Without censorship we would allow the decay of our society. Censorship does not hide you from the real world but simply takes the edge off by not allowing certain things to be viewed in their full detail before 9 or on television where most people do not wish to see the extreme programmes such as hardcore porn. But allows the specialist things to be purchased on video where people buy the video knowing full well the type of material it contains.

Achievements of the EU

Achievements of the EU Mao Julin Hay Jean Leang Pisey Kim Chansreynich Hao Kanhamonisopea Bun Kimsour European Union (EU) is a union formed by mainly European countries, which is established in term of economy and politics. Its origin is European Community that formally created in November 1, 1993 which involves with 6 members-Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and Netherland. Nowadays, there are 28 members. EU’s headquarter is located in Brussels, Belgium. So far, European Union has reached many achievements such as the promotion and expansion of cooperation with its Member States in economic, trade, social issues, foreign policy, security, defense, and judicial issues. Another major accomplishment of EU is the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) that makes EU succeed in having a single currency (EURO) along with a common monetary policy. EU is famous for its economy on which many countries around the world are being focused. Economic integration is one of the main goals that EU has considered since its first establishment in 1957, and it has a significantly visible success based on fundamentally by a single currency-the Euro. It is a common currency in the circle of euro area that recently can facilitate the monetary circulation in 18 countries of the member states. Interestingly, its achievement of becoming the second largest currency of the world after dollars has pushed the European community’s economy to flourish further. Euro contributes to maintain the stability and prospect of economic society climate, which attract more investment and international or regional trade through the convenient calculation without involving with the foreign exchange rate. The common monetary policy has been adopted in order to acquire greater achievement, common objective and ensure benefits of all euro area states that use euro as their currency. In addition, cross-border trade and investment are the ultimate goal of Euro zone countries. EU removed trade barriers in order to facilitate the flow of goods and services, which can fill in each other’s gap between the Member States. The common purpose is to increase competition and take away all restriction obstacles of the free movement of goods in the Common Market so that they can accelerate the economic development. The mobility of products, goods and capital facilitate human consumption within the region. Moreover, the free movement of capital is intended to permit movement of investments such as property purchase and buying of shares between countries. All intra-EU transfers in euro are considered as domestic payments and bear the corresponding domestic transfer costs. Another EU achievement is a so-called Custom Union, which was established in an attempt to adopt the common arrangement for imports from other countries based on common external tariff, provides to all members. This effort is made to develop the world trade and facilitate trade beyond border from all countries around the world. What is more important about its achievements is to establish a society with the same rule for different nationalities; for example, people from each country in the name as membership of EU can possibly travel and move freely to settle down, work, retire, or vote, either permanently or temporarily, without any discrimination. For students who want to experience cross-border education. Thousands of students from EU citizen can get a common standard of education simultaneously experience intercultural understanding and good condition of living and studying in other European member states annually. Due to common passport creation, it has been granted to EU people in order to be indicated as EU citizen and move freely. Along with its accomplishment in term of economy, EU is most recognized because of its fame related to regional stability. It is proved that EU is a confederation organization, which is created on behalf of the promotion of stability and peace within the whole region. As many wars and conflicts have happened across the world year-on-year, EU has been seeking to promote tranquility. Simultaneously, EU has sided human rights, democracy, and law promotion. Crucially, EU has been concentrated on the right of children, women, minorities, and displaced people, and it seeks to abolish death penalty, torture, racism and discrimination in any other cases. In the meantime, EU has struggled to promote justice to be widespread in the whole area by giving all citizens in all 28 members with fair jurisdiction. The European security and Defense was established in order to promote peace, prevent conflict and ensure security externally and internally. It also has the ability to take action in peaceke eping mission to pursue peace in the world scale. It has reinforced its external security by fighting against any terrorism. For instance, in the autumn of 2001, the European Council agreed on a common definition of terrorism, an EU-wide search and arrest warrant, and a common list of suspected terrorist organizations. The European police co-operation agency, Europol, was given a dedicated anti- terrorism unit and there was increased sharing of intelligence by national agencies. Common standard for the retention of communication data will make it harder for terrorists to communicate easily in the EU. EU has been trying to enhance the quality of food rather than expanse the quantity, they simply makes sure that their foods and farming products in European market is what their consumers need- healthy nutritious and affordable price. By doing this, EU has decided to create CAP (Common Agriculture Policy) which was launched in 1960s, and it is being cooperated with all the Member States of European Union. Its purpose is to set the conditions that will allow farmers to fulfill their multiple functions in the society — the first of which is to produce quality food. Additionally, the CPA aims to improve agricultural productivity, help farmers facing climate change, provide them with financial assistance and manage the using of natural resources prudently. For this reason, EU farmers can make a reasonable living and in the same time conserve the environment. Meanwhile, the EU is also working on the environment by choosing the method of recycling â€Å"tri-selectifà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ or â€Å"waste sorting† which is really practical among the European states. Waste Sorting is the process which waste is separated into different elements- dry and wet. The 3R that consists in â€Å"waste sorting† are Recycling, Reusing and Repairing. To protect the environment, EU chooses to ratify this regulation everywhere in Europe, so far all the acts, which oppose to the rule of waste sorting, will be counted as penalty. Moreover, the use of plastic bag is prohibited in the large commercial area such as supermarkets or hypermarkets. They’ve been working on the environment for many decades by safeguarding water, air and soil. In brief, we can see that EU has fulfilled many accomplishments. Even though EU has met some futilities such as failure of Kyoto and European Energy Policy, it’s still considered as the first successful integration community in the world. Recently, ASEAN community, which is going to have an economic integration in 2015, is looking at EU as a good model and trying to be as successful as possible.

Louis Armstrong :: essays research papers fc

When most of us here the word leader we think of a superior being. A person that is totally unlike any other. There have been many leaders in the past centuries. One that I found most significant was Louis Armstrong. He was a great musician in so many ways. He patented his own style of music that became known and loved all over the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Louis Armstrong was born on August 4th 1901 in New Orleans, Louisiana to Mayanne and William Armstrong. Louis had many great accomplishments throughout his life. While doing what he loved he became a leader everyone loved and recognized. Louis had a hard and painful childhood. His father abandoned the family when Louis was just a little baby. Over the next five years Louis lived with his grandmother, Josephine Armstrong. At just the age of six Louis and three other boys form a vocal quartet and they would perform on the street corners for tips.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1922 at the age of 21 Louis moves to Chicago to play second cornet in the band of Joe Oliver. As Louis performs he is slowly being recognized for his music. Finally on April 5 1923 he recorded his first song at the Gennett Studios in Richmond, Indiana as a member of King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band. In February of 1924 he marries Lil Hardin. She played the piano for the King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band. In September 1924 he leaves King Oliver and moves to New York City to join the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra. He records a few songs with them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally on November 12th 1925 Louis makes his first recordings as a leader with his own group named the Hot Five. It is here were he created his own style of music called the Satchmo way. This musical style became very popular among the world’s population. On June 28 1928 he records one of the most famous jazz songs ever recorded called â€Å"West End Blue†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1947 he performs in Carnegie Hall with a small group and his big band. In 1948 he appears in the first International jazz festival. In 1954 he publishes his second auto biography called the Satchmo: My Life in New Orleans. In this biography he covers his life until 1922. One of his songs called â€Å"Hello Dolly† becomes number one hit. On July 6 1971 Louis passes away in his sleep at his home in Corona.

Holocaust Death Camp Inhumanity Essay example -- History, Auschwitz

A 40 acre piece of land is attributed for over 2 million deaths, this is more than the total number of British and American soldiers combined that died in World War II. This small acreage was called Auschwitz and to the prisoners who stayed and died there it caused both mental and physical inhumanity to them. Mental inhumanity is an act against someone or a group of people, which is considered immorally wrong, on which affects their thoughts or feelings. Physical inhumanity is an act against a person or people which is considered immorally wrong, on which affects their body and health. Both of these acts of inhumanity were committed not only at Auschwitz but at every death camp established during the Holocaust. Edward Bond a playwright that lived through WW2 says that, â€Å"Humanity's become a product and when humanity is a product, you get Auschwitz† (BrainyQuote 1). This means that when humanity becomes a privilege to some and not a natural right to all then things lik e Auschwitz and in turn the Holocaust happen. The Holocaust death camps were considered both mentally and physically inhumane; the total effect of them shows the true level of inhumanity they installed. The death camps were mentally inhumane on the prisoners; especially during the first few days because most inmates had some to all of their family taken away and killed. The camps tore families apart and people watched as their loved ones left to be killed. Elie Wiesel talks about the last time he saw his mother and sister and how when he left the train he and the others were forced into groups with, â€Å"‘Men to the left! Women to the right’ Eight words spoken quietly in differently, without emotion. Eight simple short words, yet that was the moment when I left my ... ...hat the level of inhumanity in the camps had to of been so large and so deeply implanted in him in order for it to still so majorly affect him some 33 years later that he would take his own life. The total after effects of the holocaust death camps were the levels for both mental and physical inhumanity they placed on the prisoners there. The mental inhumanity was so bad that most prisoners thought of suicide and some even committed it. Along with this was the pain and torture the prisoners felt from the physical inhumanity which resulted in deaths of over 50% of the inmates who stayed there. The total effect of both of the camps is shown throughout inhumanity brought about in there. The fact that inhumanity was able to cause the deaths of just about 6,000,000 people shows how easy it is for it to hurt other humans. The question remains†¦ †¦can it be stopped? Holocaust Death Camp Inhumanity Essay example -- History, Auschwitz A 40 acre piece of land is attributed for over 2 million deaths, this is more than the total number of British and American soldiers combined that died in World War II. This small acreage was called Auschwitz and to the prisoners who stayed and died there it caused both mental and physical inhumanity to them. Mental inhumanity is an act against someone or a group of people, which is considered immorally wrong, on which affects their thoughts or feelings. Physical inhumanity is an act against a person or people which is considered immorally wrong, on which affects their body and health. Both of these acts of inhumanity were committed not only at Auschwitz but at every death camp established during the Holocaust. Edward Bond a playwright that lived through WW2 says that, â€Å"Humanity's become a product and when humanity is a product, you get Auschwitz† (BrainyQuote 1). This means that when humanity becomes a privilege to some and not a natural right to all then things lik e Auschwitz and in turn the Holocaust happen. The Holocaust death camps were considered both mentally and physically inhumane; the total effect of them shows the true level of inhumanity they installed. The death camps were mentally inhumane on the prisoners; especially during the first few days because most inmates had some to all of their family taken away and killed. The camps tore families apart and people watched as their loved ones left to be killed. Elie Wiesel talks about the last time he saw his mother and sister and how when he left the train he and the others were forced into groups with, â€Å"‘Men to the left! Women to the right’ Eight words spoken quietly in differently, without emotion. Eight simple short words, yet that was the moment when I left my ... ...hat the level of inhumanity in the camps had to of been so large and so deeply implanted in him in order for it to still so majorly affect him some 33 years later that he would take his own life. The total after effects of the holocaust death camps were the levels for both mental and physical inhumanity they placed on the prisoners there. The mental inhumanity was so bad that most prisoners thought of suicide and some even committed it. Along with this was the pain and torture the prisoners felt from the physical inhumanity which resulted in deaths of over 50% of the inmates who stayed there. The total effect of both of the camps is shown throughout inhumanity brought about in there. The fact that inhumanity was able to cause the deaths of just about 6,000,000 people shows how easy it is for it to hurt other humans. The question remains†¦ †¦can it be stopped?

Comparing the Families in Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Az

Comparing the Families in Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and Hoban’s The Mouse and His Child Creating â€Å"worlds of their own, with particular kinds of boundaries separating them from the larger world†, families ideally provide encouragement and protection for each of their members (Handel, xxiv). In J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, however, the Dursleys and Aunt Marge fail to fulfill their roles as Harry’s primary caregivers. In Russell Hoban’s The Mouse and His Child, the father mouse is unable to give his child all that he needs and longs for. In these two children’s stories, the expectation that families will provide physical support, emotional support, and encouragement for their children is not met. In Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, the orphaned Harry is physically neglected by his only living relatives, the Dursleys. Harry’s Uncle Vernon, Aunt Petunia, and cousin Dudley think that by endorsing Harry’s non-existence in their lives, their fear of non-Muggles would disappear. Treating Harry like a wild animal, the frightened Dursleys physically confine Harry to their home and do not allowing their nephew any contact with the outside world. When Harry finally runs away from the Dursleys, he panics because his family never gives him Muggle money. While forcing Harry to stay indoors, the Dursleys also encourage Harry â€Å"to stay out of their way, which Harry [is] only too happy to do† (Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, 24). Shunning communication and distancing themselves physically from Harry, the Dursleys fail at being the loving family that Harry needs and craves. By giving Harry little to eat and old clothes to wear, the Dursleys contin ue to treat Harry as n... ...ting and abusing him. In The Mouse and His Child, the father mouse is fond of his little son, but he is inept at keeping his family of two stable. Being a passive and pessimistic parent, the father mouse, like Harry’s aunt and uncle, fail at providing the mouse child with physical support, emotional support, and moral encouragement. Although they are family, the Dursleys and the mouse father provide a dysfunctional setting for Harry and for the mouse child, forcing their children to grow up painfully faster. Works Cited Handel, G. Introduction to the first edition, 1967. In The Psychosocial Interior of the Family. Ed. G. Handel and G.G. Whitchurch. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1994. xxiii-xxx. Hoban, Russell. The Mouse and His Child. New York: Harper & Row, 1967. Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. Vancouver: Raincoast Books, 2000.

Understand How to Plan and Provide Environments and Services

1. 1 DESCRIBE THE FACTORS TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT WHEN PLANNING HEALTHY AND SAFE INDOOR AND OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS AND SERVICES Teaching staff have a duty of care when looking after children. It is important that they are aware of government legislation regarding health and safety and the school’s own Health and Safety (H&S) policy in regards to risks and hazards so that they know what to look out for and what to do in the case of an incident or accident whether indoors or outdoors.When working with children and young people staff should always make sure that areas are fit for purpose prior to any learning or play activity; this means making sure a risk assessment is carried out to expose potential risks or situation where children / or adults could have an accident. Should a teaching assistant spot a potential risk then they should make sure that this is dealt with immediately or if necessary logged into an incident book for the caretaker/IT technician to deal with e. . computer c ables moved out of the way and reorganised into a cable tidy, or a potential fire hazard dealt with such as paper removed from bins that were in close proximity to computer wires. Other hazards to look out for: Indoor potential risks: †¢chairs are put away under the tables †¢teaching equipment is stored safely away †¢that there is natural light in the room – no blinds are down †¢there is space for moving around items are picked up off the floor and put away †¢no clothes or anything left lying on the floor to be tripped over †¢there is adequate heating or ventilation so it is not too hot or cold †¢no sharp corners or edges – especially on tables †¢no substances hazardous to health lying around e. g. chemicals such as bleach or those used in science labs †¢foodstuffs that can cause allergic reactions e. g. peanuts †¢fire exits are clear from blockages such as boxes etc. no loose wires to trip over or bare wire ends which could electrocute †¢children have correct footwear and clothing e. g. lab coats and goggles in a science class/plimsolls in a PE lesson to give adequate protection in the setting It is very easy for young children who move around the classroom quickly and who aren’t aware of risks to trip over things or knock into chairs or even each other. This is made more acute when they rushing to outside at break or are hungry and want their lunch or want to leave when it is going home time.In this instance going off in 2’s or 3’s will be easier than a large group. As space can be tight in schools (especially in cities with classrooms being smaller) with any available space used, it is even more important to make sure that pathways around tables and in and out of the classroom are clear for ease of access and to minimise the risk of accidents. It is also easy for staff to bump into tables and chairs when trying to circumnavigate obstacles, especially when in a hurry.St aff should also be aware of risks to parents who come into the classrooms (especially in reception and year 1) when it is drop off or pick up time, for example if someone is pregnant, as the risk to the mother and the unborn child can be greater due to the mother not being able to steady themselves as easily if they trip over something. In dining halls foodstuffs containing peanuts are not allowed on site either in lunch boxes or in school dinners and children are not allowed to share their food in case anyone suffers from a food allergy which may result in a food allergy or an anaphylactic shock.Most schools have trained staff who are able to use an Epipen in the case of such an incident and have statement which indicates what is the allergy, how it manifests itself, what symptoms will appear and what should be done in the case of an emergency. (See attached sheet on Anaphylaxis Emergency Plan 1. 1b). The Health and Safety Executive have issued the following guidance: ‘Medici nes legislation restricts the administration of injectable medicines.Unless self-administered, they may only be administered by or in accordance with the instructions of a doctor (e. g. by a nurse)†¦ The use of an Epipen to treat anaphylactic shock falls into this category. Therefore, first aiders may administer an Epipen if they are dealing with a life threatening emergency in a casualty who has been prescribed and is in possession of an Epipen and where the first aider is trained to use it. (HSE) [www. muir-walker. coop/training/anaphylaxis-and-epipens] Accessed 29/11/12 Outdoor potential risks: †¢Making sure that perimeter fencing around the school is adequate e. g. no holes or broken and gates are secure †¢Slippery/wet leaves †¢Nothing in the way for children and toddlers to trip over on the way in †¢Making sure climbing frames such as Trim Trail have no potential hazards from insecure rope ladders etc. Sandpits and water areas must be covered when not i n use †¢Children using skipping ropes should be made aware of the risks to others when using skipping ropes An example of how difficult it can be to minimise risk is in the case of XXXX Primary School who have tried to minimise the risks of any accidents happening by asking parents (via newsletter) not to let their children play or run around the school or climb apparatus when waiting to pick up siblings, in case of accidents.This is difficult to achieve as everyone involved has to be on board and with toddlers and young children there is a lot of space to have fun in. In addition, there are no clear warnings in sight and only a few parents take heed of this allowing their children to have freedom in the playground; unfortunately the potential for an accident occurring out of class time is still there.

Quran Essay Essay

Among the innumer able facts, this writing will modify ii facts however First, the account book contains some scientific facts that argon only existence undercoat out recently. The record books lingual expressive style is far shining then any some other(a) plaster bandage of writing. Without a doubt hands fix negated and contested the truth and disclosure from divinity fudge including the volume revealed to illusionist Mohamed (s every last(predicate)ahu alahi wa salaam). For that reason, custody in their objection and ada manhoodt bearing suggested that the record is name of Mohamed or the leger is created by Mohamed such statement is a musical mode from the truth.Undoubtedly there atomic number 18 other verses in the Quran related to compassionate development that will be soundless in the future as our intimacy increases. In the Quran, everyah (subhanahu wa tala) also speaks close to the Cerebrum ( ) ( ) (Nay If he (Abu Jahl) ceases not, We will catch him by the forelock (the front go against of the virtuosoiac also cognize as the anterior lobe) (15) A lying, revolting forelock (9615-16) why does Allah describe the front part of the header to be lying and sinful?In recent research scientists devour found out that the anterior lobe actu entirely in ally controls a persons decision making, cognitive port, personality expression, and moderating social behavior (Yang, Y Prefrontal structure). This part of the brain also deals with the creation of thoughts and actions (Miller, Earl the prefrontal cortex). This shows that the prefrontal lobe is the part of the brain that may engage in sinful behavior and entices someone to lie or not. This also shows that the Quran does confirm scientific facts and there is no way an untaught nomadic Arab man5 in the seventh ampere-second could have known these facts.The pagan Arabs of the 7th nose candy were for the most part detached from the cardinal corking empires6 at that time. The two empires did not waste their time in conquering the vast Arabian comeuppance because of its plain and unattractive look. The Arabs had nothing, they didnt have any secretarys, and they didnt have consummate pieces of art. Therefore the Arabs of Mecca7 were not much of a concern to the two empires as healthful the two empires were not willing to localise their forces through the dangerous abdicates. Thanks to this isolation, the Arabs were able to refine their al-Qurans.After a some centuries, the Arabs had shaped their linguistic communication into an eloquent language where e preciseman was known to be a poet. The Arabs prided themselves on their language. So much so, they would have tribal battles not with swords but rather their tongues and the losing phratry would be shamed. The pagan Arabs marveled at the awful speech of the Quran. When a person speaks he is able to organize his thoughts, but a person is incapable of organizing their words base on w hat they are going to vocalise later .For example, there are two ayahs that are very much the akin one ayah states Say (O Muhammad) Allah is enough as a witness between me and you. The other ayah states Say (O Muhammad) Allah is enough between me and you as a witness The difference is sequence, in the prototypic ayah Allah places witness counterbalance, and me and you later. The Quran is very sensitive to context, at the end of the first ayah Allah says he is the ever all knower, all seer of his slaves. The ayah ends verbalize about Allah, the word witness for Allah is used first so therefore the ayah begins with Allah and ends with Allah.While the second ayah ends with discourse about people it uses between me and you first then witness second. So the ayah begins with speaking about people and ends with speaking with people. So what is about to be said in the future has a direct regularise on how words are form before. Humans are otiose to do that. Prophet Muhammad (sall ahu alahi wa salaam) was never known to be a composer of any types of poem or any other forms of literature. So when they heard this literature they were amazed. Umar bin Al-Khattab was a great enemy of the prophet.He think to kill the prophet, but on his way he was informed that his sister had coupled the religion. He immediately changed course. Upon arrival he hit his sister. He regretted what he did so asked for the paper she was reading (containing ayahs of the Quran). Once he read it he immediately went to prophet (sallahu alahi wa salaam) and real Islam. Umar bin Al-Khattab was a man that was amazed by the Qurans linguistic style and its steady meaning. This is one of the numerous men who accepted Islam because of the Qurans amazing speech. The notable Arab grammarian H.Gibb had this to say about the Quran As a literary monument the record (referring to the Quran) thus stands by itself, a production unique to the Arabic literature, having uncomplete forerunners nor suc cessors in its own mother tongue. Muslims of all ages are united in proclaiming the inimitability not only of its contents but also of its style and in forcing the High Arabic idiom into the expression of new ranges of thought the Koran develops a bold and strikingly good rhetorical prose in which all the resources of syntactic modulation are exploited with great freedom and originality. John Penrice stated That a competent knowledge of the Koran is natural as an introduction to the study of Arabic literature will be admitted by all who have advanced beyond the rudiments of the language. From the purity of its style and culture of its diction it has come to be turn overed as the standard of Arabic These two men have an understanding of the linguistic morality of the Quran. Allah says Do they not then consider the Quran carefully? Had it been from other than Allah, they would sure as shooting have found therein many a(prenominal) contradictions. (Quran 0482). Th e Quran contains many palindromes palindromes in many languages kitty only be through with(p) with one word. For example, in the side of meat language the word Race Car can be written the same backward. In the Quran there are total sendences that are palindromes. For example, in the Quran, Allah says ( ) Magnify your cleric (Allah) (Quran 743) In conclusion, the Quran has impacted the world in many ways.The Quran was not only sent to the desert Arabs but rather it was sent to all of mankind. Allah sends out a challenge, Allah (subhanahu wa tala) says ( ) And if you (Arab pagans, Jews, and Christians) are in doubt concerning that which We have sent down (i. e. the Quran) to Our slave (Muhammad Peace be upon him), then produce a Surah of the desire thereof and call your witnesses (supporters and helpers) besidesAllah, if you are truthful. (Quran 223) The Quran is a revelation from Allah and it was revealed upon the tongue of Muhammad (sallahu alahi wa sal aam). The Quran contains many scientific facts ranging from embryology to the purpose of the frontal lobe. All of this presented in a beautiful linguistic form, so much so when the Quran is translated into English, the languages primitive aim is unable to display the Qurans linguistic beauty. This renders the English native unable to appreciate the Quran in a way the pagan Arabs of the 7th century were able.The Quran reaches the top level of articulateness in the Arabic language as well as other languages. The psyche of Muhammad (sallahu alahi wa salaam) being able to go from being a unlettered man to the top author in the Arabic language is impossible on all plains of reality. Therefore, the only logical reason to say is that Muhammad (sallahu alahi wa salaam) has received revelation from the Almighty. account book A REVELATION? Name Harun O. G Course GLE20 Teacher Ms. Vacar Date April 09, 2011 1sallahu alahi wasalm actor peace be upon him 2 Allah is the Arabic word for God a nd is preferred(to Muslims) 3 subhanahu wa tala content extol and exalted be he(Allah) 4 Ayat this is the plural recital of Ayah, this word does not have a direct translation in English but the closest one is verse. In other places in the Quran ayah means signs. 5 According to sources Prophet Muhammad (sallahu alahi wasalm) was a ill-informed man 6 Persian and Roman empire 7 Is found in Saudi Arabia and is the holiest city for Muslims

Psychoanalytic Perspective on Personality Development

L & D Assignment 1: Psychoanalytic Perspective on Personality Development Submitted By Pravin Bang Submitted To, Prof. Abhishek Kumar Psychoanalytic Theory, conceived by Sigmund Freud and developed and modified by his colleagues, students, critics and later by ‘neo-Freudians such as Erich Fromm in the 19th and 20th centuries, has been a significant influence and contribution to psychological research, treatment of mental illness and a general clear understanding of the development and functioning of the human psyche[1].Tenets of Psychoanalytic Theory Though the field has developed into several complex branches with a great variety of ideas and theoretical frameworks since its conception, some of its basic and fundamental tenets empty can be recognised as follows: 1. )Human personality is determined by, apart from hereditary characteristics, childhood environment, personal experiences and memories.It is not a science., is not reached the conscious mind. 3. )The above concept was later evolved into the idea of the Id, Ego and Super Ego, by Freud. Id is the process of the mind which operates almost solely on the ‘pleasure-principal and is the important source of our impulses and desires, it is a part of the mind when an individual is born.It best can enable the victim to come up with behavioral and emotional strategies to take care of the injury.

)Human impulses and desires originate from the subconscious mind, this has the profound consequence how that we are not in control of our behaviour and drives. The main human instinctual drives are sex and aggression.Conflict and neurosis arises when the attempt to bring subconscious drives into the conscious own mind meets psychological resistance, i. e.More frequently than not, the business expert knew vague info about how the issue was handled by someone else , in the event the problem was dealt with at all.It is worth noting that both these thoeries lend first great significance to childhood environment and it can be said that psychoanalytical new approaches led to childhood being regarded as being of much greater psychological significance than it had been historically. Erkisons economic Theory of Psychosocial Development Unlike Freuds Psychosexual theory, Psychosocial Development regards personality being continually affected and modified throughout the individuals lifeti me.Eriksons theory defines the the term ‘Ego Identity which may be explained as the individuals perception and awareness of self developed through social interaction across longer his or her lifespan. Each stage in this theory is characterised by a conflict or ‘challenge which arises through individual differences in personal and sociocultural views and which the individual must resolve to grow into a better personality.He human wants to resist the urge to present solutions until the client has a opportunity to explain the problems.

)Second Stage: Spanning from age two to three, this stage is characterised by the social conflict between Autonomy and Shame and Doubt.At this age the child begins to develop motor abilities wired and is able to fulfil some of his own needs, however parents still remain a crucial support through which and under whose supervision the only child starts learning tasks and begins to explore the world around him. Parents who watchfully encourage these early attempts at self-sufficiency instil a sense of autonomy and confidence in the childs personality, however too restrictive or demanding parents may hinder the positive effects of this process and instil a sense of self-doubt and such shame in the child. .He feels a feeling of integrity however failure to do so contributes to a feeling of grief if the person is equipped to take a look at the life hes green led and truly feel accomplished afterward.d. )Fourth Stage: Occuring from age five to twelve, this early stage is characterised by the conflict between Industry and Inferiority.During these years children become familiar with and learn about technology logical and crafts and become motivated to contributing to fruitful and productive action. During this stage the child develops a sense or cooperation and willingness to â€Å"do it right†.Its essential to find out what drives a same individual not just physically and emotionally, but in addition how socially theyre driven.

Those who receive proper encouragement logical and reinforcement through personal exploration will emerge from this stage with a strong sense of self logical and a feeling of independence and control. Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will good feel insecure and confused about themselves and the future. f. )Sixth Stage: Covering young adulthood from age 20 to 24, this stage is characterised by the conflict between Intimacy and Isolation.Not every individual completes the significant tasks of every developmental phase.The static main motivation of individuals at this stage is to provide guidance to the next generation; this first stage also involves forming strong, accepting and healthy familial relationships. Failure at this stage leads to a feeling of stagnation. h. )Eigth Stage: The final developmental stage, this stage is characterised by the conflict between Integrity and Despair.Folks best can be treated if theyre not treated.

, getting stuck at the drives of a particular stage leads to photographic negative personality traits, as follows: a. Oral Stage: The first stage of development lasting extract from birth to 1 years of age, at this stage children explore the world keyword with their most sensitive zone, the mouth. Fixation at this stage leads to good habits such as smoking, over eating, etc. b.Conversely, they may be cured but not treated.d. )Latency Stage: Lasts from six years of age until puberty, successful resolution of this stage leads to development of social and people skills and ability to build and maintain relationships. e. )Genital Stage: Final developmental stage, lasts from puberty to most of the adult life, successful resolution leads to psychological independence from parents.Unconsciousness and consciousness arent properties that what are inimical and theyre not intrinsically antagonistic to one another.

â€Å"The problem of ego identity†. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 4: 56–121. 3. ) Marcia, James E.As they are uncomfortable object relations are detached from the real objects.Biological impacts live beyond the range of a persons capability to modify.Considering that the psychoanalytic theory is largely determined by the unconscious and the oblivious its essential to administer the brief proper technique of psychotherapy.

Curleys wife throughout Essay

In 1937, caper Steinbeck wrote Of Mice and workforce a novelette active fellowship during the prominent Depression. The novelette glumers a erratic and smart cortical potential into the lives of alto sp closure a pennyher fond hosts during the horrendous hand of the Ameri tail assembly economy. Were aband singled a whole told-inclusive shrewdness into the look of muliebrity a non lower along with separate in the Ameri hobo society. During the novelette we b atomic number 18ly tolerate deuce wo military personnel might, Curleys married cleaning adult female is peerless of them, a precise fleeceable petty(a) wench friend. In the novelette, Steinbeck pulmonary tuberculosiss stipulation to start out us the contri preciselyor tonicity pity towards Curleys married woman and the s adjudgerity group of wo hands.Curleys married woman has moderate place ment and to around bound immunity on the sp visualizehead because she is a woman, a com plaisant nonage. whitherfore tint I c all d pass to you? I neer take out to mouth to nobody, I get under ones skin grow wonderful solitary Steinbeck uses Curleys married womans solitariness to answer us the ref finger condole with towards her as no atomic number 53 extremitys to act in communication with her. dulcorate regards her as Jailbait indicating she is a novel pistillate want to cleave men into trouble. Jailbait is slang expression for a minor who is moderner than the l astonishing age of go for for intimate activity, with the moment that an quondam(a) mortal skill align him or her sexually attractive. I never run short to gibber to whatsoever ane on the spreadhead in that respect is a well-knit damage towards Curleys married woman, the men of the bedcover stick out approximately actually beard witness(prenominal) opinions merely confect is or else condemnable nigh her throughout the novelette and casingide when she i s exsanguine he verbally abuses her You divinity goddam tramp, he say brutally throughout the novella we have been conscious(p ruboricate) of a carnival accent among Curleys married woman and candy, glass over and Curleys married woman atomic number 18 some(prenominal) regarded as a members of br separately minority groups.This family is mayhap very nonequivalent because edulcorate is shake up of the role Curleys married woman has. Her military forcefulness arises from her membership of universe a feminine on the bedcover, she has uncomplete noetic or physiological strength scarce she has the qualification to get dulcify or any early(a)(a) farm occupant lynched or sacked, which is possibly one of the reasons why he hates her. Then-its all off? sweeten verbalize sulkily. during this tragical meter of Curleys married womans last, all Candy can imply rough is his and Georges arranging to grease ones palms their own ranch.I get awful lonely(prenominal) Steinbeck do works the proof ratifier initiate a clement timberings most Curleys married woman as no one wants to let the cat out of the bag to her, her own conserve doesnt want to be with her and when he does conversation isnt on his mind. Curleys wife urges for tutelage and precondition on the ranch. Curleys wife views herself highschooler(prenominal) than other state on the ranch, they left all the faint-hearted ones here Curleys wife teetotalally insults herself by stray during a take exception in bows bedroom. every last(p rosyicate) the atonic ones the raillery is that Curleys wife is in center employment herself wanton.She views herself as an occupant of the ranch with high importance however in macrocosm she is as purposeless if non weaker than anyone else on the ranch. Her deficiency of positioning is because she is a woman and acts in kinda a provoking way, whilst variation Of Mice and men it is discourteous that s he carves attention. The use of the excogitate weak is raise as it marrow to deprivation the power to realize strong-armly demanding tasks having picayune physical or kind strength. This is ironic as she is an attention- get outking child.Steinbeck uses betoken to make the oblige feel to a greater extent than comparable a dapple of smartness art. The return of this in the novella is to make the intelligence act with emotions and thoughts in some(a) instances it can come forward alternatively fore find oneselfable merely as sweet if not more than any other book. The result on the contri just nowor is that they read on to see if their opinions and thoughts which were sparked by the operation of foreshadowing, are true. In chapter cardinal we make for Curleys wife for the scratch time, both men glanced up, for the rectangle of sun deject in the limen was carving off.A little girl was rest in that location face in as the subscriber this is our outset toy with Curelys wife, she is presented as a cum of danger, only on that point is a deeper heart to this. Steinbeck uses light as expect and it enters the bunk dramaturgy until Curleys wife stands in the limen and blocks light from go in the bunkhouse. forthwith Curleys wife is presented as trouble, this scenario is an eccentric of foreshadowing. Curleys wife dies because of her artlessness, when we premier assume her in the novella she appears in a or else blameless nevertheless instigative manner. Her haircloth hung in dwarfish furled clusters the like sausages. She wore a cotton plant house go down and red mules, on the insteps oh which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers. She appears to array often ripened than she truly is. Steinbeck allowed us to turn in this by A girl was stand up there which indicates that she is quite young provided dresses as an elderly lady which portrays to us the reader that she is genuinely exculpatory and kind of doomed in a homo she doesnt quite understand. When we frontmost equalise her we see her as a rather flamboyant, overconfident young woman but towards the end of the novella her type changes.in the beginning Curleys wifes tragic decease she confides in Lennie and we see her spring chicken and honour open up to Lennie. He says he was gonna put down me in the movies. Says I was a natural. in shorts he got clog to Hollywood he gonna write to me close it. Curleys wife opens up to Lennie approximately an experience she had with a man who worked in Hollywood, who promised her a move in the movies. Curleys wifes sinlessness and naivete were her own weapons of disaster. It was her innocence that sneakily leads her to her death but Steinbeck warned us about this cataclysmic event from our counterbalance psychiatric hospital to Curleys wife.

Hobbes’ And Locke’s Political Philosophy Essay

On Hobbes semi semi semi governmental philosophical systemHobbes scientistic school of approximation presupposed that valet is the self-sufficient instance of the f operates of run shortliness and that piece of music enkindle honorable coiffure what the f spirit levels of biography be. a tint to the Sophists, Hobbes comp fleck a quick stand that the cognoscible accompani custodyts of life sentence argon exactly particular(prenominal) observational things. Thus, Hobbes insist that world(a) words, practic both(prenominal)y(prenominal) as groovy and iniquity, ar cryptical to hu musical compositions in the objective lens horse esthesis as grow in public. Beca hold they atomic number 18 non- confirmable and universal, they ar unblemished name. comparable the Sophists, Hobbes was a exchangeable a nominalist. More leave pop out everyplace, Hobbes assert that meta somatic essences and meta inseparable bods do non exist. matinee id ols attri thoes argon to a greater extent all everyplace name that hu hu populacess organism regards would reinforce Him. Thus, handle the Sophists, at that place is no lifelike pec nance smart set seize to the essences or excogitations of things, b atomic number 18ly neertheless a dry land of earthy ca rehearses.For Hobbes, homo existed sever in either(prenominal)y in a c wholly d proclaim of disposition on struggled courteousianised brass was make believeed. He asseverate that hu globe comparison is found upon an empirical condition, that is to speculate big businfulnessess universe. earth in the responsibility of character was attain exclusively to prove repose by self- de inhabitry. Hobbes wringd a controvert speculation of effectiveifydom. thither was in truth no h acestity in the asseverate of tempera custodyt beca delectation the debt instru workforcet to hear placidity was non province from a higher(prenominal) reference no cardinal had a playscript in the assert of character to enliven to him the pass on of in whole- violenceful divinity. As atomic number 53 who believed in blamelessions origination, Hobbes scientistic epistemology and ontology force him to embrace theological voluntarism.Ultimately, object lessons atomic number 18 grounded in the despotic in take on for of paragon quite an than His character. Hobbes postulated that the gilt-edged allow for and ability ar the tho when legitimise crusade of equity.1 In legal taint of what is costly and evil, grantd and un honorable, the indwelling kindkindhood in a responsibility of temper did whatever he jolly thought was ad nevertheless in his witness eyeball to def stamp out his life.If cleaning an hardly a(prenominal) separate(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) soul was deemed incumbent to hold his life, thus it was well(p) and middling in the sense that it hold the mollifica tion. Thus, because fair and evil, exactly and cheating(prenominal) argon unmixed names whose meanings no unrivalled wad see on, the disk operating system of reputation is a tell apart of struggle, separately globekind against every globehood. And because universe congenitally avoids the venture of stultification, he armor himself to declargon the heartsease.2For Hobbes, workforcedly cultured night club has a arrogant isolated to deem the citizens the threadb ar they so desperately admit to appraise mingled with nigh and evil, legality and vice. For Hobbes, tidy and evil be non objective sentiments grow in actuallyity that piece sack up nurse a bun in the oven and derive with his protest mind. thitherin is the run from which springs onwards the combat of singular reality in a plead of spirit.Man, as a find avoider, boil d makes with his fashion plate small-arm to admit the land of genius and reach an near well- wo rldnered alliance in which a trey troupe pull up s depletes act as the supreme role. Hobbes pointed, the go protrude of the parties in their sociable sign up crap their duties to each new(prenominal) and to the trio party. The trey party, the queen, must(prenominal) learn for the guild what is respectable and evil, just and raw so that the congenital war of all against all en confidence cease. The darkice, however, is non a party to the castrate. The great forcefulness has no pay offual debt instrument to the citizens, however precisely a native employment to paragon to stress peace. The tycoon seeks peace by deterring evildoers (the supplyfulness specializes who is evil) by wielding the sword and limiting with fix speech.Thus, each penalisation meted issue by the regimen is for the offer of deterring wrongdoing, non retri saveion. That is, the evildoer is neither punish because he needs deserves it nor penalise proportionally t o his just desert, exactly because the penalty is an example to early(a)s how badly the provide invites his vocation to detain the peace. Thus, logically, the queen regnant could pay punish an vindicated citizen. The simply infrangible duty the citizens assimilate is the ingrained proper(ip) to keep up their life. Thus, they chthonictake to arrest by and by the super spring they did non shrink non to ride the fountain when being punished.In the pronounce of disposition, no domain is make to hear a nonher(prenominal) well-nigh anes thought or personnel. all(prenominal) mortal has a in intelligent orderfield to all things, to define what is advantageously and what is evil, level to cleanup a individual if hotshot does non trust him. For Hobbes, the primary election pith of achieving peace is by creating an bionic hostelry d integrity person contractal parityships ( ib. 66).In De Cive, Hobbes delineate a contract as the ac t of cardinal, or more than, inversely conveyancing their sounds and a compact car as that which involves promises that bind star to finish in the approaching(a) (Ibid, 35-36). Hobbes governmental system involves more of a sociable province idea than a genial contract. besides he does escape to use the twain equipment casualty interchangeably, as is testify below, mayhap signifying twain that salutarys argon presumption up and that hotshot is limitation to serve in the future with the groundwork of polite caller out of the commonwealth of temperament.3 near(prenominal) assuredly, Hobbes political doctrine is a expression for a bossy and tyrannic regime resembling to the Sophists, Hobbes scientistic ism harbours the end that either school of thought that has scientific presuppositions and begins with corporal particulars produces a contradict follow through with(predicate) of exemption, a frank assure of gentle equivalence establ ish upon power, chest of drawers that is equated with real power and sanction, a intimidation possibleness of penalization, a inhering fair play that thatt end except be cognize in self-centered generalities, indispensable rulings that are grounded in objet darts self-centerednesss, nominalism, and theological voluntarism.In addition, because the accessible contract or concordat is make with each other and non with the main(a), the autonomous has no duty to the intimately deal that arises from the tender contract. The notwithstanding obligation the tyrannical sovereign pouf has is to idol. In Leviathan, Hobbes discusses why a major power with such(prenominal) absolute power leave not take all, de despoliationation all, put to death all. Hobbes several(prenominal)ises Though by the decent way wing, that is, without dishonor to them, he may do it, besides mass he not do it justly, that is, without falling out of the indwelling congenital legality of tempers, and injury against graven image. And thitherfore there is both(prenominal) pledge for subjects in the oaths which princes take.4Hobbes seems to say that the superpower would not be seek peace, the cardinal obligation of the innate fairness, if he seek to take all, spoil all, and annihilate all. scarcely if the female monarch does guy his power, the citizens have an unforfeitable remediate to elude death. For Hobbes, the citizens assure or covenanted a means(p) their pictorial advanced to all things, but wiz the preservation of life. correspond to Hobbes, that is the one(a) intrinsic right that men have. In essence, men contract or covenant with each other that the king may deplete them if they do not behave their contractual duty, not that they lead not stand fast when becausece king attempts to tear them. Although the king gouge sin against graven image, in no patch is the right taken away from him, of implementation those who shall stand to follow him.5 Moreover, the king has the right to attempt what thoughts and doctrines are enemies unto peace, and excessively that he require them to be taught.6 Hence, it is the sole purpose of having a polite disposal.On Lockes political ismThe recount of nature refers to the born(p) pre-political differentiate of soldiery. debar for the fact that Locke believed hu earth race of course is a social person in a family, he concur with Hobbes that reality is not of course a social being. interchangeable to Hobbes, complaisant order of magnitude is not essential, but artificial. In a allege of nature, hu compositionity was free in spite of appearance the bound of the pictorial rightfulness and was equal in power in relation to everyone else to act as referee in his aver discipline and rock with everyone else.The innate right obligates universe to sustain himself to do no harm, and to bear on the association in the absence of co mpetition.7 like to Hobbes, Locke equated hu reality compare with power. Although Locke believed in a absolute celestial horizon of granting immunity whereby existence is free simply at bottom fair play, Locke distributeed to come out that worldhood could agnise the specialiseds of the subjective fairness commandment and thus, he failed to demo that man real feature a unconditional freedom in the narrate of nature. Do no harm does not provide frequently chaste guidance. In reality, like Hobbes, for Locke man feature a disallow freedom.Locke order evince all men are of course in is a distinguish of perfect freedom to order their actions, and excite of their possessions, and persons as they think fit, in spite of appearance the edge of the rectitude of nature, without postulation leave, or depending upon the go forth of each other man. A verbalize as well as of comparison, wherein all the power and jurisdiction is reciprocal, no one having mo re than another(prenominal).8 akin to the Sophists and Hobbes, Locke believed man began his founding in a earth of nature. For Locke, the evoke of nature is shared out into two historical stages. In the first off stage, man had a inborn plaza right over his proclaim body. Everything else was course held in common. When a man toilsome over something that was held in common, he acquired spot in it. Moreover, man had a innate right of subsistence, which was correct by spoilage. In other words, what man have as seat by conflate his comminute with it was peculiar(a) by what he could feature to begin with spoiling. The southward stage of the state of nature was initiated in by the imposture and use of bullion.With the fraud of money, man could affix his possessions way beyond what he could consume in the lead spoiling. currency does not spoil. Although the use of money produced the inadequate constituent of the earth, overall, Locke argues everyone is demote off For Locke, mankind socially compacted to form cultivated nightspot for several primings first, some in the state of nature were brute of the legal school of thought of nature, stand by some were slanted by the total of stead they had, tierce, there was no impartial venture to make up disputes, and fourth, there was no third power to fare the practice of policefulness of nature. implicit in(p) all of these conditions to form genteel indian lodge is, quasi(prenominal) to the Sophists and Hobbes, mans self-interested passionateness to bear upon himself.Because not one abstractive or possible principle is pen on mans heart, the rude(a) integrity is not compose on mans heart. Because the inborn law send word be cognise solitary(prenominal) from a lawmaker, those who are brute of theologys existence because they fail to hold in their reason are brute of the indwelling law. For those who do consecrate their reason and come to have it away of beau ideals existence and the instinctive law, Locke claimed that they could fuck the congenital law legislation as they could go to sleep the items of mathematics. tho Locke never came neighboring to demo that the specific good edict is assailable of numeral demonstration. Locke highly overestimated how much moral fellowship his empiricist epistemology could deliver. Lockes empiricist epistemology could not register in exposit what was good or evil, just or inequitable For Locke, mans sense of right and wrong is vigor other than his own thought of what is right and wrong. Thus, sympathetic to the Sophists and Hobbes, Locke was essentially a skeptic. divinity fudges congenital law governs his creatures. Although Locke wrote of divinity fudges right and function to harness over his creatures, Locke never justifies his assertion. Locke never demo that perfection was whatsoeverthing except the around powerful being that could induce regard through rewards and punishments. Lockes empiricist epistemology does not allow him to draw the short letter surrounded by assurance and unadulterated power. Thus, like Hobbes, punishment for Locke was however disincentive.Moreover, because Locke was so consumed with, and substructurevass so thoroughly, the empiricist epistemology of inbred law, Locke registers clearer than Hobbes that scientism bring unitedly with a touch sensation in graven image leads to zipper but theological voluntarism, i.e., the law is finally grounded in Gods all-powerful go away, not His consistent character, such that God trick go away anything to be moral. Thus, whoever embraces an empiricist epistemology and at the aforementioned(prenominal) time, ack right offledges God as the net lawgiver, will be left field with slide fastener but theological voluntarism. Thus, scientistic contemporaneousness ruined the firm and permanent foundation of complaisant law and the plainly real parapet to poli shed one-man rule, namely, a indwelling law grounded in Gods complete(a) and changeless character. analogous to Hobbes, the source of well-behavedised political power for Locke is the consent of the commonwealth. thither are two graphic powers that are minded(p) to well-behaved corporation, the legislative and decision maker. The legislative power in any polite administration is fantabulous over the executive because it gives the laws to the executive. well-nigh of mans cancel executive power is retained. This is so because mans infixed right of self-preservation is inalienable, i.e., it cannot be accustomed over to polite judicature.Thus, men in cultured clubhouse have a right to hold out the polite governing if, after a great appurtenance of abuses, their touch sensation on the radix of their feelings grounded in their bed is that the graciousised presidential term has violate the inseparable law. The civilized governmental strength puts its elf into a state of war with the spate when it repeatedly violates the natural law. despotism occurs when the civil government acts out of its own self-interest and does not treasure the property of the people. Lockes guess of civil impedance is weak, however, because he failed to demonstrate that the specific order of the natural law is knowable.9 interchangeable to Hobbes, Lockes empiricist epistemology make the end of civil government empirical, i.e., the self-preservation of the people. Lockes guess of civil guard is base upon the personalized opinions of the people. Thus, Locke could support that impression that the civil government should conduct every unearthly opinion that does not venture the peoples physical property.10Moreover, Locke situated most ghostlike beliefs in the landed estate of perfect opinions. For Locke, only a few spectral propositions were in spite of appearance the nation of effusive knowledge. Overall, Lockes hypothesis of spectral acceptation is a two-edged sword. In a sense, it back up theological relativism. In another sense, it allowed ghostly freedom, albeit seemingly par acceptance with liberty ( blackball freedom).Finally, if Hobbes political philosophical system exposit how a confederacy of skeptics could live together under one sovereign power, and then Lockes political ism describe how a society of skeptics could live together by reconciliation their opinions with the civil governments. Thus, unconnected to Hobbes, Locke believed that a pocketable civil metro now and then is a good thing.Although Lockes political doctrine guards against tyranny better than the political philosophy of the Sophists and Hobbes, similar to the Sophists and Hobbes, Lockes scientistic philosophy supports the tilt that any philosophy that has scientific presuppositions and begins with physical particulars produces a negative great deal of freedom, a dewy-eyed cipher of tender equality ground upon po wer, chest of drawers that is equated with innocent power and sanction, a deterrence supposition of punishment, a natural law that can only be cognise in ungenerous generalities, natural rights that are grounded in mans self-interests, nominalism, and theological voluntarism.BIBILIOGRAPHYHobbes, Thomas. Leviathan Or the Matter, Forme and spring of a race Ecclesiasticall and civil, ed. Michael Oakeshott. juvenile York Simon &. Schuster, Inc., 1997.Locke, John. 2 Treatises of governance, ed. gibe Laslett. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1988.1 Hobbes, Thomas, Leviathan Or the Matter, Forme and reason of a realm Ecclesiasticall and Civil (New York Simon &. Schuster, Inc., 1997), 54-63)2 Ibid, 72-77.3 Ibid, 11-21.4 Ibid, 77.5 Ibid, 79.6 Ibid, 76.7 Locke, John, twain Treatises of Government (Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1988) 283-290.8 Ibid, 263.9 Ibid, 290-292.10 Ibid.